Bird guide reference photos — Wikimedia Commons
Retrieved 2026-10-05

All 24 files are real photographs. The Commons file titles, page URLs, original image URLs, authors, licenses and descriptions below were obtained from the live Commons imageinfo API and file-page revisions. Individual JPEGs were not locally edited. Both cards and dialogs display the source composition proportionally without additional cropping.

mallard — Anas platyrhynchos
File:027 Male mallard swimming in the Camargue during golden hour Photo by Giles Laurent.jpg
Author: Giles Laurent
Attribution: © Giles Laurent, gileslaurent.com, License CC BY-SA
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:027_Male_mallard_swimming_in_the_Camargue_during_golden_hour_Photo_by_Giles_Laurent.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/027_Male_mallard_swimming_in_the_Camargue_during_golden_hour_Photo_by_Giles_Laurent.jpg
Asset: mallard.jpg (1280 × 853; 148471 bytes)
Changes: Previously downloaded Wikimedia thumbnail, 1280 × 853 pixels, reused from the existing demo. Original Commons source URL and the demo attribution notice establish provenance; the original thumbnail request URL was not retained. No local cropping or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.
Identification note: Male in breeding plumage. Local asset reused from the existing demo with its established attribution.

swallow — Hirundo rustica
File:Rauchschwalbe Hirundo rustica.jpg
Author: Andreas Trepte
Attribution: Andreas Trepte
License: CC BY-SA 2.5 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rauchschwalbe_Hirundo_rustica.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Rauchschwalbe_Hirundo_rustica.jpg
Asset: swallow.jpg (960 × 640; 122341 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.

hoopoe — Upupa epops
File:Israel. Eurasian Hoopoe (6497645007).jpg
Author: Greg Schechter from San Francisco, USA
Attribution: Greg Schechter from San Francisco, USA
License: CC BY 2.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Israel._Eurasian_Hoopoe_(6497645007).jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Israel._Eurasian_Hoopoe_%286497645007%29.jpg
Asset: hoopoe.jpg (960 × 640; 208667 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.

redstart — Phoenicurus auroreus
File:Daurian redstart at Daisen Park in Osaka, January 2016.jpg
Author: Laitche
Attribution: Photo by Laitche
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Daurian_redstart_at_Daisen_Park_in_Osaka,_January_2016.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Daurian_redstart_at_Daisen_Park_in_Osaka%2C_January_2016.jpg
Asset: redstart.jpg (960 × 754; 159197 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.

pondheron — Ardeola bacchus
File:Chinese Pond Heron in Summer.jpg
Author: Charles Lam
Attribution: Charles Lam
License: CC SA 1.0 — http://creativecommons.org/licenses/sa/1.0/
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chinese_Pond_Heron_in_Summer.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Chinese_Pond_Heron_in_Summer.jpg
Asset: pondheron.jpg (960 × 820; 181594 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.
Identification note: Adult Chinese pond heron in breeding plumage; nonbreeding birds appear much browner.

waterhen — Amaurornis phoenicurus
File:Amaurornis phoenicurus - Singapore Botanic Gardens.jpg
Author: JJ Harrison (https://tiny.jjharrison.com.au/t/zpppq3u5TIMicNgw)
Attribution: JJ Harrison (https://tiny.jjharrison.com.au/t/zpppq3u5TIMicNgw)
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Amaurornis_phoenicurus_-_Singapore_Botanic_Gardens.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Amaurornis_phoenicurus_-_Singapore_Botanic_Gardens.jpg
Asset: waterhen.jpg (960 × 640; 129141 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.

sparrow — Passer montanus
File:Tree Sparrow August 2007 Osaka Japan.jpg
Author: Laitche
Attribution: Laitche
License: Public domain — https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tree_Sparrow_August_2007_Osaka_Japan.jpg#Licensing
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tree_Sparrow_August_2007_Osaka_Japan.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Tree_Sparrow_August_2007_Osaka_Japan.jpg
Asset: sparrow.jpg (960 × 642; 85846 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: Commons source is a retouched photograph: certain feather highlights enhanced by Laitche (file page declaration).

bulbul — Pycnonotus sinensis
File:Light-vented Bulbul2.jpg
Author: Flickr user CharlesLam . Photo uploaded to commons by user ltshears
Attribution: Flickr user CharlesLam . Photo uploaded to commons by user ltshears
License: CC BY-SA 2.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Light-vented_Bulbul2.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Light-vented_Bulbul2.jpg
Asset: bulbul.jpg (768 × 1024; 328598 bytes)
Changes: Original Commons JPEG downloaded as provided because its width is below 960 pixels. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.

spotteddove — Spilopelia chinensis
File:Spilopelia chinensis Zhengzhou 20220915, crop.jpg
Author: iNaturalist/zinogre
Attribution: iNaturalist/zinogre
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spilopelia_chinensis_Zhengzhou_20220915,_crop.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Spilopelia_chinensis_Zhengzhou_20220915%2C_crop.jpg
Asset: spotteddove.jpg (960 × 721; 128708 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: Commons source is a pre-existing cropped photograph (exact file title).

egret — Egretta garzetta
File:Little egret (Egretta garzetta) Photograph by Shantanu Kuveskar.jpg
Author: Shantanu Kuveskar
Attribution: Shantanu Kuveskar
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Little_egret_(Egretta_garzetta)_Photograph_by_Shantanu_Kuveskar.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Little_egret_%28Egretta_garzetta%29_Photograph_by_Shantanu_Kuveskar.jpg
Asset: egret.jpg (600 × 800; 279970 bytes)
Changes: Original Commons JPEG downloaded as provided because its width is below 960 pixels. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.

blackbird — Turdus mandarinus
File:Turdus merula mandarinus Hong Kong 6.jpg
Author: Charles Lam from Hong Kong, China
Attribution: Charles Lam from Hong Kong, China
License: CC BY-SA 2.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Turdus_merula_mandarinus_Hong_Kong_6.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Turdus_merula_mandarinus_Hong_Kong_6.jpg
Asset: blackbird.jpg (960 × 720; 117679 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.
Identification note: Commons retains the former subspecies name Turdus merula mandarinus in the filename. The current Chinese blackbird article identifies this taxon as Turdus mandarinus and uses this same photograph.

kingfisher — Alcedo atthis
File:Alcedo atthis -England-8 (cropped).jpg
Author: Tony Wood
Attribution: Tony Wood
License: CC BY 2.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alcedo_atthis_-England-8_(cropped).jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Alcedo_atthis_-England-8_%28cropped%29.jpg
Asset: kingfisher.jpg (960 × 960; 199489 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: Commons source is a pre-existing cropped photograph (exact file title).

redwhiskeredbulbul — Pycnonotus jocosus
File:Pycnonotus jocosus jocosus, Nanning, Guangxi, China.jpg
Author: myjkccd
Attribution: myjkccd
License: Public domain — https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pycnonotus_jocosus_jocosus,_Nanning,_Guangxi,_China.jpg#Licensing
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pycnonotus_jocosus_jocosus,_Nanning,_Guangxi,_China.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Pycnonotus_jocosus_jocosus%2C_Nanning%2C_Guangxi%2C_China.jpg
Asset: redwhiskeredbulbul.jpg (960 × 640; 170541 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: Commons source was cropped and color-adjusted in Photoshop (file page declaration).

whitewagtail — Motacilla alba
File:20180415 015 Winterswijk Witte kwikstaart (40785272624).jpg
Author: Jac. Janssen from BAARLO LB, NL
Attribution: Jac. Janssen from BAARLO LB, NL
License: CC BY 2.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20180415_015_Winterswijk_Witte_kwikstaart_(40785272624).jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/20180415_015_Winterswijk_Witte_kwikstaart_%2840785272624%29.jpg
Asset: whitewagtail.jpg (960 × 640; 110238 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.
Identification note: European white wagtail photograph. Plumage differs among the subspecies occurring in China.

crestedmyna — Acridotheres cristatellus
File:Crested myna, Osaka, Japan.jpg
Author: Laitche
Attribution: Photo by Laitche
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Crested_myna,_Osaka,_Japan.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Crested_myna%2C_Osaka%2C_Japan.jpg
Asset: crestedmyna.jpg (960 × 769; 138746 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.

mandarin — Aix galericulata
File:Pair of mandarin ducks.jpg
Author: Francis C. Franklin
Attribution: © Francis C. Franklin / CC-BY-SA-3.0
License: CC BY-SA 3.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pair_of_mandarin_ducks.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Pair_of_mandarin_ducks.jpg
Asset: mandarin.jpg (960 × 720; 168609 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.
Identification note: Male and female Mandarin ducks.

ruddyshelduck — Tadorna ferruginea
File:2021-01-30 Ruddy Shelduck pair at Keoladeo, Rajasthan, India.jpg
Author: Original: Rohit Sharma, this edit: MPF
Attribution: Original: Rohit Sharma, this edit: MPF
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2021-01-30_Ruddy_Shelduck_pair_at_Keoladeo,_Rajasthan,_India.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/2021-01-30_Ruddy_Shelduck_pair_at_Keoladeo%2C_Rajasthan%2C_India.jpg
Asset: ruddyshelduck.jpg (960 × 720; 153497 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: Commons source is cropped with light levels adjusted by MPF from Rohit Sharma’s photograph (file page and Credit metadata).

nightheron — Nycticorax nycticorax
File:Nycticorax nycticorax 457953189.jpg
Author: ramidos
Attribution: ramidos
License: CC BY 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nycticorax_nycticorax_457953189.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Nycticorax_nycticorax_457953189.jpg
Asset: nightheron.jpg (960 × 791; 109712 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.

greyheron — Ardea cinerea
File:Il pescatore solitario.jpg
Author: Giacomo Cimino (@giacomociminoph)
Attribution: Giacomo Cimino (@giacomociminoph)
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Il_pescatore_solitario.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Il_pescatore_solitario.jpg
Asset: greyheron.jpg (960 × 719; 283636 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.

moorhen — Gallinula chloropus
File:Common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) France.jpg
Author: Alexis Lours
Attribution: Alexis Lours
License: CC BY 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Common_moorhen_(Gallinula_chloropus)_France.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Common_moorhen_%28Gallinula_chloropus%29_France.jpg
Asset: moorhen.jpg (960 × 676; 115035 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.

rockdove — Columba livia
File:Columba livia (Rock Dove, wild), Duncansby Head, Caithness, Scotland 1.jpg
Author: william_stephens
Attribution: william_stephens
License: CC BY 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Columba_livia_(Rock_Dove,_wild),_Duncansby_Head,_Caithness,_Scotland_1.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Columba_livia_%28Rock_Dove%2C_wild%29%2C_Duncansby_Head%2C_Caithness%2C_Scotland_1.jpg
Asset: rockdove.jpg (960 × 720; 246811 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.
Identification note: Wild rock dove in Scotland; a correctly identified Columba livia reference rather than a hybrid-looking domestic morph.

greencheek — Pyrrhura molinae
File:Green-cheeked Parakeet (Pyrrhura molinae molinae), Samaipata, Bolivia 1.jpg
Author: jeanpaulboerekamps
Attribution: jeanpaulboerekamps
License: CC0 — http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Green-cheeked_Parakeet_(Pyrrhura_molinae_molinae),_Samaipata,_Bolivia_1.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Green-cheeked_Parakeet_%28Pyrrhura_molinae_molinae%29%2C_Samaipata%2C_Bolivia_1.jpg
Asset: greencheek.jpg (707 × 1003; 784403 bytes)
Changes: Original Commons JPEG downloaded as provided because its width is below 960 pixels. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.
Identification note: Nominate subspecies Pyrrhura molinae molinae, photographed in Samaipata, Bolivia.

cockatiel — Nymphicus hollandicus
File:Cockatiel 3.jpg
Author: Photo by: Ganatron – paulweberphoto.com
Attribution: Photo by: Ganatron – paulweberphoto.com
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cockatiel_3.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Cockatiel_3.jpg
Asset: cockatiel.jpg (960 × 1440; 126183 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.

budgerigar — Melopsittacus undulatus
File:Budgerigar 2480.jpg
Author: JJ Harrison
Attribution: JJ Harrison
License: CC BY-SA 3.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Budgerigar_2480.jpg
Original image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Budgerigar_2480.jpg
Asset: budgerigar.jpg (960 × 640; 247011 bytes)
Changes: Wikimedia-generated 960-pixel-wide JPEG thumbnail downloaded as provided. No local crop, resize, color adjustment or re-encoding.
Source edits: No specific source modifications identified in the reviewed metadata/file page.